Non-abundant sums
A perfect number is a number for which the sum of its proper divisors is exactly equal to the number. For example, the sum of the proper divisors of 28 would be 1 + 2 + 4 + 7 + 14 = 28, which means that 28 is a perfect number.
A number n is called deficient if the sum of its proper divisors is less than n and it is called abundant if this sum exceeds n.
As 12 is the smallest abundant number, 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 6 = 16, the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two abundant numbers is 24. By mathematical analysis, it can be shown that all integers greater than 28123 can be written as the sum of two abundant numbers. However, this upper limit cannot be reduced any further by analysis even though it is known that the greatest number that cannot be expressed as the sum of two abundant numbers is less than this limit.
Find the sum of all the positive integers which cannot be written as the sum of two abundant numbers.
Solution
Using sets instead of lists greatly improves performance in Python:
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| #!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
def sum_proper_factors(n):
(result, sqrt) = (1, n ** 0.5)
(start, step) = n % 2 == 1 and (3, 2) or (2, 1)
for i in range(start, int(sqrt) + 1, step):
if n % i == 0:
result += i + n / i
if sqrt == int(sqrt):
result -= sqrt
return result
def main():
(result, limit, abundants) = (0, 28124, set())
for n in range(1, limit):
if sum_proper_factors(n) > n:
abundants.add(n)
if not any(n - a in abundants for a in abundants):
result += n
print result
if __name__ == '__main__':
import time
startTime = time.time()
main()
print time.time() - startTime
|
Simulate sets using maps in Go:
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| package main
import (
"fmt"
"math"
"time"
)
func sum_proper_factors(n int) int {
result, sqrt := 1, math.Sqrt(float64(n))
start, step := 2, 1
if n%2 == 1 {
start, step = 3, 2
}
for i := start; i <= int(sqrt); i += step {
if n%i == 0 {
result += i + n/i
}
}
if sqrt == float64(int(sqrt)) {
result -= int(sqrt)
}
return result
}
func main() {
result, limit, abundants, startTime := 0, 28124, make(map[int]bool), time.Now()
for n := 1; n < limit; n++ {
if sum_proper_factors(n) > n {
abundants[n] = true
}
isSumOfTwoAbundants := false
for k := range abundants {
if abundants[n-k] == true {
isSumOfTwoAbundants = true
break
}
}
if !isSumOfTwoAbundants {
result += n
}
}
fmt.Println(result, time.Now().Sub(startTime))
}
|
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